Placement c language problem with solution

1)

Is the following code legal?

    void main()

   {

    typedef struct a aType;

    aType someVariable;

    struct a

   { 

    int x;

      aType *b;

              };

}

Answer:

No

Explanation:

When the declaration,

typedef struct a aType;

is encountered body of struct a is not known. This is known as ‘incomplete types’.

 

2)

void main()

{

printf(“sizeof (void *) = %d \n“, sizeof( void *));

printf(“sizeof (int *)    = %d \n”, sizeof(int *));

printf(“sizeof (double *)  = %d \n”, sizeof(double *));

printf(“sizeof(struct unknown *) = %d \n”, sizeof(struct unknown *));

}

Answer :

sizeof (void *) = 2

sizeof (int *)    = 2

sizeof (double *)  =  2

sizeof(struct unknown *) =  2

Explanation:

The pointer to any type is of same size.

3)

     char inputString[100] = {0};

     To get string input from the keyboard which one of the following is better?

1) gets(inputString)

2) fgets(inputString, sizeof(inputString), fp)

Answer & Explanation:-

The second one is better because gets(inputString) doesn't know the size of the string passed and so, if a very big input (here, more than 100 chars) the charactes will be written past the input string. When fgets is used with stdin performs the same operation as gets but is safe.

4)

Which version do you prefer of the following two,

1) printf(“%s”,str); // or the more curt one

2) printf(str);

Answer & Explanation:

Prefer the first one. If the str contains any  format characters like %d then it will result in a subtle bug. 

170)

void main()

{

int i=10, j=2;

int *ip= &i, *jp = &j;

int k = *ip/*jp;

printf(“%d”,k);

}

Answer: 

Compiler Error: “Unexpected end of file in comment started in line 5”.

Explanation:

The programmer intended to divide two integers, but by the “maximum munch” rule, the compiler treats the operator sequence / and * as /* which happens to be the starting of comment. To force what is intended by the programmer,

int k = *ip/ *jp;

// give space explicity separating / and * 

//or

int k = *ip/(*jp);

// put braces to force the intention  

will solve the problem.  

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